1 00:01:03,06 --> 00:01:13,53 With. 2 00:01:17,33 --> 00:01:17,37 The 3 00:01:28,99 --> 00:01:31,44 with. 4 00:01:32,19 --> 00:01:37,30 The need to read with the very souls of men is more evident in the present era of 5 00:01:37,30 --> 00:01:38,68 progress than ever before. 6 00:01:40,18 --> 00:01:44,14 Publishers bookstores a new stand for all thousands of books magazines 7 00:01:44,14 --> 00:01:48,73 and newspapers every day to inform construct out of new. 8 00:01:50,33 --> 00:01:54,83 The greater part of the printed material are made possible by various types of 9 00:01:54,83 --> 00:01:59,83 mechanical types that the machines with set up in mind. 10 00:02:00,00 --> 00:02:05,99 Kasra molten metal both introduced at the close of the last century are now the 11 00:02:05,99 --> 00:02:06,81 most widely you 12 00:02:13,48 --> 00:02:15,57 are automatically typesetting a complete line. 13 00:02:16,94 --> 00:02:18,20 These are the into type 14 00:02:18,20 --> 00:02:23,35 and line zero type machines which are essentially the same except only in the vast 15 00:02:23,35 --> 00:02:28,52 apartment of models designed to perform the particular needs of various types of 16 00:02:28,52 --> 00:02:34,52 special jobs these composing machines produce typecast in complete lines. 17 00:02:34,69 --> 00:02:41,14 Plug. Here is a slug are lined up type turned out by these machines. 18 00:02:43,78 --> 00:02:50,07 The lines of type properly arranged make up the page from which after entering the 19 00:02:50,07 --> 00:02:52,10 imprint our proof is made. 20 00:03:21,52 --> 00:03:25,82 The function of the keyboard composing machine is to produce the essential 21 00:03:25,82 --> 00:03:29,01 materials required to prepare a form for printing. 22 00:03:31,42 --> 00:03:35,80 But before going into detail. Let's first get a general view of the whole picture. 23 00:03:40,42 --> 00:03:45,84 The operator the pressing the key releases mattresses from the magazine channel 24 00:03:51,30 --> 00:03:55,40 the mattresses are delivered to the assembling elevator in the correct sequence. 25 00:04:02,03 --> 00:04:04,29 Here's a close up of some that. 26 00:04:04,31 --> 00:04:06,47 You can see the letter that had been punched 27 00:04:06,47 --> 00:04:13,38 or angry in two words the molten type metal is going to be injected that's not 28 00:04:13,38 --> 00:04:17,23 particularly the two punch characters one Roman in style 29 00:04:17,23 --> 00:04:20,96 and the other topic. 30 00:04:21,71 --> 00:04:25,48 That's more logs and the ears which guide the mat through the various passages 31 00:04:26,19 --> 00:04:27,86 and assure their linemen of the letter. 32 00:04:30,74 --> 00:04:35,13 Having completed the composition of the line of mattresses the operators sent it 33 00:04:35,13 --> 00:04:40,50 over to the casting mechanism. Now the light of mattresses. 34 00:04:40,81 --> 00:04:43,08 Is in position by the slug to be kept. 35 00:04:48,22 --> 00:04:51,57 Against the opening of the mode the mats look fit perfectly. 36 00:04:58,48 --> 00:05:03,13 Immersed in the crucible the plunger index the molten type metal into the moat 37 00:05:03,13 --> 00:05:04,48 and against them. 38 00:05:04,48 --> 00:05:08,80 Actrix characters that metal to little eyes forming letters 39 00:05:08,80 --> 00:05:12,12 and symbols in relief. 40 00:05:19,36 --> 00:05:22,66 Then the slugs are carried into position to be ejected from the mode 41 00:05:23,64 --> 00:05:27,16 and stacked one after another as they are ejected. 42 00:05:28,39 --> 00:05:30,30 Meanwhile the first elevator rises 43 00:05:31,30 --> 00:05:35,82 and the second hour of a to descend to meet it at the transfer time No The 44 00:05:35,83 --> 00:05:38,43 mattresses are transferred to the second elevator 45 00:05:38,43 --> 00:05:45,00 and raised to the distributor here lifted 46 00:05:45,01 --> 00:05:49,78 automatically one at a time they are returned to their respective channels in the 47 00:05:49,78 --> 00:05:52,66 magazine. The circulating matches. 48 00:05:53,07 --> 00:05:56,75 Will be used over and over as they are needed for composition. 49 00:06:02,98 --> 00:06:05,00 Using this simple sketch of the machine. 50 00:06:05,24 --> 00:06:07,93 Let's go over the various steps already seen. 51 00:06:09,91 --> 00:06:14,02 The mat responding to the keyboards are delivered to the assembling elevator. 52 00:06:14,22 --> 00:06:17,11 The line of mattresses is sent to the casting unit. 53 00:06:17,72 --> 00:06:21,83 After the plug has been cast the mattresses are carried by the elevators 54 00:06:21,83 --> 00:06:23,40 and transferred projects of. 55 00:06:25,13 --> 00:06:29,39 The operations necessary to produce the plug our line of type are divided into 56 00:06:29,39 --> 00:06:32,46 three groups composition of them. 57 00:06:32,46 --> 00:06:39,15 Actrix line casting of the plug distribution of the 58 00:06:39,15 --> 00:06:45,85 mattresses. Let's now analyze the operations in the first group composition. 59 00:06:47,56 --> 00:06:55,26 Regarding composition the principal parts are the keyboard the magazine. 60 00:06:55,98 --> 00:07:00,19 The assembly and partition. 61 00:07:00,21 --> 00:07:05,06 The metrics delivery about the assembling elevators 62 00:07:06,42 --> 00:07:12,24 and the delivery slide the keyboard has ninety key is on the six rows of fifteen. 63 00:07:13,76 --> 00:07:18,39 It is divided into three sections the lower case letters are at the left. 64 00:07:19,38 --> 00:07:25,31 UPPER CASE in similar arrangement at the right at the center punctuation mark 65 00:07:25,31 --> 00:07:26,27 numbers 66 00:07:26,27 --> 00:07:32,98 and small cap every part to the key release is the required metric from the 67 00:07:32,98 --> 00:07:33,49 magazine. 68 00:07:33,71 --> 00:07:39,12 Now we will examine the internal parts of the keyboard activated by one touch of a 69 00:07:39,12 --> 00:07:42,15 key to release them accurately on the magazine. 70 00:07:42,46 --> 00:07:49,39 They are the key bottom the keyboard lever the key bar the 71 00:07:49,40 --> 00:07:56,20 trigger the cam frame. The eccentric cam the rubber roller the courtroom. 72 00:07:56,90 --> 00:07:58,25 And the key rod. 73 00:08:01,17 --> 00:08:06,27 Let's observe how the various pieces react to the key the key move the lever to 74 00:08:06,27 --> 00:08:09,99 which it is doing this. 75 00:08:10,05 --> 00:08:10,84 Let the key by 76 00:08:13,35 --> 00:08:17,26 and turn the key by activate the trigger whose function. 77 00:08:17,34 --> 00:08:23,67 It is to support the brain with its corresponding eccentric can. 78 00:08:27,34 --> 00:08:30,44 The motion of the trigger allows the frame to lower itself so 79 00:08:30,44 --> 00:08:36,55 that the cam revolves around the rubber roller which rotates continuously. 80 00:08:43,55 --> 00:08:47,01 The rotation of the cam lifts the end of the frame. 81 00:08:48,82 --> 00:08:53,38 This raises the long key rod which causes the release of the metric from the 82 00:08:53,38 --> 00:08:53,85 magazine. 83 00:08:55,18 --> 00:09:01,63 Similarly we find on every machine corresponding to the key ninety key rods which 84 00:09:01,63 --> 00:09:07,40 make up the temple key Rod frame which is situated behind the assembly and from 85 00:09:07,40 --> 00:09:10,48 and bring the keyboard into play with the magazine. 86 00:09:11,52 --> 00:09:16,38 Here are the upper end of the key rod which rocket that statement put awaited. 87 00:09:16,45 --> 00:09:19,55 In the magazine does allowing the match to be released. 88 00:09:22,85 --> 00:09:24,60 Let's study that operation more closely. 89 00:09:26,23 --> 00:09:31,06 The upper end of the rod transmits the movement to a half moon shaped device called 90 00:09:31,06 --> 00:09:37,91 the escapement the two ends of the 91 00:09:37,91 --> 00:09:42,66 escapement are called lug penetrating the magazine. 92 00:09:42,89 --> 00:09:49,83 They control the release of the matter to the mat in the 93 00:09:49,83 --> 00:09:56,39 first row is how about slowly by the log of the escapement as the key Rod lit the 94 00:09:56,40 --> 00:09:59,80 front lug of the escapement lures really think the first match. 95 00:10:00,88 --> 00:10:03,39 At the same time the real log is lifted 96 00:10:03,39 --> 00:10:10,26 and hold the second mac at the key Rod lowered the spring returns 97 00:10:10,26 --> 00:10:15,76 escapement to a position of does not allowing the second match to move forward in 98 00:10:15,76 --> 00:10:19,76 the place of the one release and instant before. 99 00:10:21,22 --> 00:10:34,99 The same operation are repeated at every touch of a key. 100 00:10:43,10 --> 00:10:43,47 The match 101 00:10:43,47 --> 00:10:48,03 that we see come out are arranged in the magazine situated at the upper part of the 102 00:10:48,03 --> 00:10:52,88 machine. It read in a slanted position to precipitate the descent of the map. 103 00:10:53,02 --> 00:10:57,33 It is substantially formed by two trappers dried up plate. 104 00:10:57,67 --> 00:10:58,31 One below 105 00:10:58,31 --> 00:11:05,89 and one above which as in our case can be made out with a light. 106 00:11:05,90 --> 00:11:11,23 On the inside of the magazine there are groups called channels which support 107 00:11:11,23 --> 00:11:17,96 and guide the circulating matter to the magazine has ninety channels. 108 00:11:18,02 --> 00:11:22,99 Corresponding to the ninety keys on the keyboard. 109 00:11:23,00 --> 00:11:28,12 Every channel contains a maximum of twenty one circulating maps which are 110 00:11:28,12 --> 00:11:34,78 sufficient for the normal requirements of composition. 111 00:11:37,26 --> 00:11:40,67 Generally a mat carried two letters. 112 00:11:41,43 --> 00:11:45,47 Roman and the tally by Roman and both. 113 00:11:45,49 --> 00:11:48,62 Magazine contains lowercase letters Roman 114 00:11:48,63 --> 00:11:53,85 and it taluk controlled by the left section of the keyboard. 115 00:11:53,87 --> 00:11:59,96 The uppercase letters Roman and it Calyx controlled by the right section. 116 00:12:02,38 --> 00:12:04,15 The small cap numbers 117 00:12:04,15 --> 00:12:07,82 and punctuation marks controlled by the middle section of the keyboard. 118 00:12:11,03 --> 00:12:16,32 And changing to another type larger or smaller the magazine might be changed. 119 00:12:18,31 --> 00:12:20,34 Similarly in going to another series 120 00:12:20,34 --> 00:12:25,46 or letter design it is precisely for this reason 121 00:12:25,46 --> 00:12:31,26 that machines are built with a capacity of up to four movable magazines any of 122 00:12:31,26 --> 00:12:33,40 which can be replaced with other 123 00:12:40,10 --> 00:12:45,48 pre-selected magazine is brought into working position with the statement aligned 124 00:12:45,48 --> 00:12:46,53 over the key rod 125 00:12:52,58 --> 00:12:57,10 the mats released on the magazine are now directed toward this embedding elevator. 126 00:12:58,56 --> 00:13:00,61 Now we will see the whole operation in slow motion. 127 00:13:01,76 --> 00:13:04,21 They are guided in their descent by the assembler 128 00:13:04,21 --> 00:13:10,67 and transportation which prevent them from turning out of correct position. 129 00:13:16,14 --> 00:13:20,75 The mad start up on a delivery about in constant motion which carries them in 130 00:13:20,75 --> 00:13:22,89 correct sequence to dissembling elevator. 131 00:13:24,28 --> 00:13:28,42 It takes the same length of time for all mattresses to reach descending elevator 132 00:13:28,42 --> 00:13:31,31 due to the design of the assembly and and 133 00:13:31,31 --> 00:13:38,29 and magic delivery about before reaching the assembling elevator the mats have to 134 00:13:38,29 --> 00:13:44,20 pass under a small bring Blade called a chute plate which cuts down its speed so 135 00:13:44,20 --> 00:13:47,28 that the rotating star can turn it up right 136 00:13:47,28 --> 00:13:51,40 and move it progress against the others in the assembling elevator. 137 00:14:08,92 --> 00:14:11,99 At the left the matter held up right by a wage 138 00:14:11,99 --> 00:14:17,95 or finger attached to a long horizontal bar called applied which travels to the 139 00:14:17,95 --> 00:14:22,92 left as fast as a map the right. 140 00:14:26,75 --> 00:14:31,16 The assembling elevator consists of up front and a back plate 141 00:14:32,25 --> 00:14:36,20 when fastened together they form a channel in which the mats can assemble 142 00:14:45,34 --> 00:14:52,83 these moving lever is control of the duplex revealed. 143 00:14:54,33 --> 00:14:58,45 With this device the matts going to assume to position in the assembling elevator 144 00:14:59,41 --> 00:15:04,87 mats in the Perth position Roman red on the fixed lower rail. 145 00:15:06,48 --> 00:15:12,64 Mats in the second position it tallies are both face rests on the movable duplex 146 00:15:12,64 --> 00:15:19,11 rails in each mat can present independent plate to the mode 147 00:15:19,11 --> 00:15:21,57 opening either one of the two characters. 148 00:15:21,83 --> 00:15:26,85 Here is a line of mattresses which illustrates this principle for a greater 149 00:15:26,85 --> 00:15:31,04 convenient the upper part of the assembling elevator is the crypt with a hinged 150 00:15:31,04 --> 00:15:36,81 gate of deal where it's known as a state that is assembled between one word 151 00:15:36,81 --> 00:15:41,47 and the next the space bands are released by the keys situated at the left of the 152 00:15:41,47 --> 00:15:46,04 keyboard. 153 00:15:46,06 --> 00:15:51,12 Because of their dimension the space bands cannot fit into the mattress magazine. 154 00:15:51,29 --> 00:15:55,70 Therefore they are stored in a box about their sending elevator. 155 00:15:58,53 --> 00:15:59,94 Parts but I really think that's the. 156 00:16:00,00 --> 00:16:03,71 Bans are similar to those which believe the mattresses on the magazine 157 00:16:08,08 --> 00:16:13,44 the baseband consists of two parts of the tail but slide and a small head. 158 00:16:16,63 --> 00:16:22,76 Both are wired shaped they are held together by a dog's tail 159 00:16:22,76 --> 00:16:23,68 construction 160 00:16:28,04 --> 00:16:32,44 but small head is held stationary by the lugs in the grooves of the first elevator. 161 00:16:32,65 --> 00:16:37,88 So it remains fixed when the corresponding slide rises in that manner. 162 00:16:37,93 --> 00:16:40,65 The expansion of the state's ban is obtained. 163 00:16:41,89 --> 00:16:46,23 Whatever the position of the slide the outside surfaces of the slide 164 00:16:46,23 --> 00:16:52,51 and head are always parallel due to the construction of the part. 165 00:16:52,52 --> 00:16:57,36 The function of the space stand is to expand are spread out the line to the 166 00:16:57,36 --> 00:17:03,18 pre-determined link thereby increasing the space between words even Lee. 167 00:17:03,20 --> 00:17:04,28 This is called justification 168 00:17:10,14 --> 00:17:11,78 having completed the line and check 169 00:17:11,78 --> 00:17:15,72 that the number of space bands is the patient for the amount of expansion needed 170 00:17:16,72 --> 00:17:20,93 the operator can send it to be kept the transfer is carried out by the delivery 171 00:17:20,93 --> 00:17:24,66 slide constantly held under tension by a spring. 172 00:17:25,05 --> 00:17:30,31 And how to play it by a small lever which will be released by the raised assembling 173 00:17:30,31 --> 00:17:35,22 elevator the deliberate slide consists of a short thick thing here 174 00:17:35,22 --> 00:17:36,84 and a long moving one. 175 00:17:37,21 --> 00:17:38,85 They receive the line 176 00:17:38,85 --> 00:17:45,26 and carry it through the transfer channel to the earth elevator at this point we 177 00:17:45,26 --> 00:17:49,96 end the operations of the first group and take up the second the casting.